This is a new type of cancer treatment for certain malignancies where a patient’s blood undergoes apheresis to isolate the T-cells. These undergo gene insertion to express Chimeric Antigen Receptors for the specified target cancer. Cells are propagated in vitro then infused back into the patient where they target and kill the cancer cells. Key […]
Read More »Risk factors for airway-related complications after surgery, specific to this surgery type / population Causes of upper airway obstruction specific to this type of surgery Signs of post-operative airway obstruction post cervical spine surgery Specific airway management strategies after cervical spine surgery (starting PRIOR to extubation)
Read More »Opening statement: This is an immediately life-threatening condition where assessment and resuscitation occur simultaneously. Massive haematemesis is usually related to portal hypertension and oesophageal varices. Assessment History Examination Investigations Management Resuscitation Specific treatment Ongoing monitoring Supportive treatment
Read More »Epicardial pacing wires are inserted after cardiac surgery. Often ventricular, sometimes ventricular AND atrial. Off-pump surgeries often do not have wires. Key principles: Technique:
Read More »A 2-year old male presents with febrile seizure lasting ~10 minutes. 10 minutes after cessation IV access is established and a VBG is taken Results: pH: 7.28 (Reference range: 7.31 – 7.41) pCO2: 60 mmHg (Reference range: 35 – 45 mmHg) HCO3: 18 mmol/L (Reference range: 22 – 29 mmol/L) Base Excess: -8 mmol/L (Reference […]
Read More »Classic histories and their microbes Click here to start quiz[qwiz random=”true” align=”center”] [q unit=”Infectious_Diseases” topic=”Classic_Histories”] Seafood poisoning; fishermen, “coastal slipways”, wounds inflicted by angry sea organisms. [c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq] [f]IFZpYnJpbyB2dWxuaWZpY2Fucw==[Qq] [q unit=”Infectious_Diseases” topic=”Classic_Histories”] Abattoir workers, cattle farmers; haemoptysis, pneumonia, heart failure and infective endocarditis. [c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq] [f]IENveGllbGxhIGJ1cm5ldGlpIEFLQSAmIzgyMjA7USBmZXZlciYjODIyMTs=[Qq] [q unit=”Infectious_Diseases” topic=”Classic_Histories”] Encephalitis following a flying fox bite […]
Read More »Next time I think I’ve got some in a drain, I’m asking for a Sudan III stain immediately. More pertinent information will follow at a later date
Read More »Syndromes, causes and clinical signs Syndrome Causes Clinical Features Complete transection TraumaInfectionTransverse myelitisTumour Complete loss of motor and sensory function below the level of the lesion Hemisection TraumaMSAbscess Ipsilateral loss of motor function and light touch below the lesionContralateral loss of pain/temperature below the lesionipsilateral loss of pain/temperature AT the level of the lesion Central […]
Read More »I’m going to focus on Arterial blood gases here. Venous gases are close enough in well people, but beware in critical illness there is divergence between arterial and venous samples, particulary in CO2, lactate and pH. Method FiO₂ Calculator 713 x 0.21 = 150 mm Hg Differential Diagnosis HAGMA (CATMUDPILES or LTKR) NAGMA (CAGE, ABCD, […]
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